effort的用法

effort的用法

effort主要用作名词,以下是其详细用法:

一、基本含义

effort的基本意思是“力气”“努力”,指做某事所使用的力气和努力。它也可以表示“艰难的尝试”或“尽力”。

二、可数性与单复数

  1. 当effort泛指“努力”这一抽象概念时,它通常是不可数的,只用单数形式。例如:His effort to reform her at length succeeded.(他为改变她作出努力最后取得了成功。)
  2. 当强调某一次或某几次具体的努力时,effort是可数的,其复数形式是efforts。例如:In spite of his efforts, he failed.(他虽然做了努力,还是失败了。)

三、搭配与用法

  1. 作定语:effort表示“努力”时,其后可接动词不定式作定语,偶尔也可接介词短语作定语。例如:

    • His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother.(他为帮助家庭找回丢失的奖章所做的努力始于他母亲送给他的一颗紫色心形奖章。)
    • With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.(在政府的大力支持和市民的不懈努力下,一个新唐山在废墟上建立了起来。)
  2. 固定搭配

    • make efforts/make an effort/make every effort:表示“努力做某事”,常接动词不定式。其中,make efforts表示“作出努力”;make an effort表示“尽力而为”;make every effort表示“竭尽全力”。例如: The workers are making efforts to fulfil this year's plan.(工人们正在努力完成今年的生产计划。) Please make an effort to get there on time.(请尽力按时到达那里。) They are making every effort to decrease the production cost.(他们正尽力减少生产成本。)
    • spare no effort:表示“不遗余力地做某事”,等同于try one's best。例如: I'll spare no effort to help you.(我将不遗余力地帮助你。)
    • put effort into:表示“对某事付出很大力气”,等同于use much strength and energy for sth。例如: He put a lot of effort into arranging the concert.(他为音乐会的筹备工作付出很大力气。)
    • without effort:表示“毫不费力地”。例如: He lifted up the rock without effort.(他毫不费力地举起石头。)
  3. 其他常见搭配

    • focus one's effort on:对……集中力量。
    • lend one's effort:作出努力。
    • every effort:一切努力。

四、例句

  1. A great deal of effort has gone into this exhibition.(为了这次展览投入了很大力量。)
  2. His efforts this term have been most creditable.(他这学期的努力值得赞许。)
  3. But all these efforts ended in failure.(但所有这些努力都以失败而告终了。)
  4. People make themselves into winners by their own efforts.(人们通过自己的努力成为赢家。)

综上所述,effort是一个多功能的名词,在表示“努力”时具有丰富的搭配和用法。掌握这些用法有助于更准确地理解和运用这个词汇。